Classicly

The Atonement and the Modern Mind is a theological work written by James Denney, a Scottish theologian and preacher. He is probably best known today for his defense of the doctrine of Penal Substitution.

Author's Preface:

The three chapters which follow have already appeared in The Expositor, and may be regarded as a supplement to the writer's work on The Death of Christ: its place and interpretation in the New Testament. It was no part of his intention in that study to ask or to answer all the questions raised by New Testament teaching on the subject; but, partly from reviews of The Death of Christ, and still more from a considerable private correspondence to which the book gave rise, he became convinced that something further should be attempted to commend the truth to the mind and conscience of the time.